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While the pandemic and a computer chip shortage continue to upend the auto industry, online used car dealerships are thriving. Sales at the three biggest online retailers — Carvana, CarMax and Vroom — are up more than a third year over year, according to 2021 fiscal reports from the three companies.
“These online used car sellers have revolutionized the used car marketplace,” says Josh Sadlier, director of content strategy at auto site Edmunds. “The transparency they give you into the vehicle and buying process gives you the extra dose of confidence to buy that car.”
Buying a used car online allows buyers to avoid much of what they hate about the traditional dealership experience, as well as the hassles caused by inventory shortages. When you shop online, you know the car advertised is available and you know the out-the-door price — without having to speak to anyone.
Armed with a bit of knowledge about the online buying process, you can zero in on the car of your dreams while binge-watching your new favorite show. But when you’re ready to buy, the process requires a different approach from a traditional dealership.
Here’s what to know as you navigate this emerging marketplace.
Advantages of online shopping
With more buyers than cars available for sale, taking the online route prevents having the car sold out from under you before you reach the car lot. Once you find the right vehicle on the company’s website and put down a deposit, the car is yours.
Here are a few other advantages to buying online:
More transparency. At dealerships, some fees aren’t revealed until you see the contract. Buying online lets you see everything, and a breakdown of the cost, before you commit to the deal.
No negotiating. Online sellers typically offer only fixed pricing for the vehicle you want to buy and your trade-in.
Convenience. You can search online inventories, set up a loan and have the car shipped to your home or office — wherever you prefer to sign the paperwork.
Included warranty. Most of these car sellers include a limited warranty that lasts anywhere from seven to 30 days. They’ll also be happy to sell you an extended warranty for a fixed price.
Downsides of online shopping
The biggest problem with buying remotely is the inability to take a test drive. With voluminous information and specifications online, buyers sometimes think the test drive is unnecessary. But the true look, touch and feel of a car can be experienced only by driving it yourself.
There are several other disadvantages to buying on the internet:
Only used cars are available. If you want a new car, you have to go through a franchised new-car dealership.
Few options for negative equity. Many traditional dealers will bury negative equity in the new car loan. If you’re upside-down — owe more than your car is worth — the dealer will include this amount in your next loan. But with an online transaction, you’ll have to bring that amount to the table.
You can’t inspect it. Online used car sellers tout their thorough pre-purchase inspection. But, hey, it’s a used car — it will have wear and tear. You can only see the actual condition of the vehicle you’ve bought once it’s shipped to you.
Limited older inventory. Online car dealerships are not the place to find a $5,000 beater. If you’re on a very limited budget, there are better places to find an affordable car, like your local Craigslist or Facebook Marketplace.
Online car buying tips
With these pros and cons in mind, here’s how to shop these online used car sellers.
Take a pre-purchase test drive. While you can return the car if you don’t like it, that’s still a hassle you want to avoid. Furthermore, you might be deciding between competing models and need a test drive to make a decision. Consider borrowing a friend’s car, finding a similar car on a dealer’s lot to test-drive or renting a car for a longer trial.
Shop for your own loan. These car sellers offer their own financing, but it’s always a good idea to shop several lenders for a preapproved loan. This step will reveal any problems with your credit and give you an idea of what interest rate you’ll have to pay.
Arrange an inspection. Since you’ll have only a short window to return the car, you should have it inspected right away. Begin by evaluating the wear and tear yourself. Then, take the car to your mechanic for a thorough inspection where they can put the vehicle on a lift and check for any leaks or damage to the underside.
Take a post-delivery test drive. If you didn’t take a pre-purchase test drive, drive the car immediately upon arrival. Also, make sure it fits in your garage and is big enough to carry all your commonly needed items. Be aware that you’ll be limited in how many miles you can drive before you return the car without a penalty.
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5 costs to consider before leasing a car
Nestor Rizhniak // Shutterstock
Leasing a car, an SUV, or a pick-up truck can be the perfect choice for many people. Monthly payments are often less than those for purchasing a vehicle, drivers can get a brand-new car every couple of years, and concluding the lease can be as simple as turning in the keys.
But a number of costs and fees, not to mention the terminology, can make the prospect daunting and confusing. Anyone considering leasing a vehicle needs to read the fine print, understand the lingo, and get the answers to lots of key questions—what do the various costs mean, how are they calculated, what’s reasonable and what’s not, and can they be negotiated?
The difference can mean finding a great deal or getting stuck with a sour deal that’s overpriced, cumbersome, or just plain upsetting. Save yourself the hassle and headaches by learning to understand how car leases work, and how they can work best for you.
CoPilot compiled a list of five essential costs to consider, in addition to upfront costs, when thinking about leasing a car. These numbers help estimate the true cost of a lease, as well as any fees that may be accumulated during the leasing period.

Nestor Rizhniak // Shutterstock
Leasing a car, an SUV, or a pick-up truck can be the perfect choice for many people. Monthly payments are often less than those for purchasing a vehicle, drivers can get a brand-new car every couple of years, and concluding the lease can be as simple as turning in the keys.
But a number of costs and fees, not to mention the terminology, can make the prospect daunting and confusing. Anyone considering leasing a vehicle needs to read the fine print, understand the lingo, and get the answers to lots of key questions—what do the various costs mean, how are they calculated, what’s reasonable and what’s not, and can they be negotiated?
The difference can mean finding a great deal or getting stuck with a sour deal that’s overpriced, cumbersome, or just plain upsetting. Save yourself the hassle and headaches by learning to understand how car leases work, and how they can work best for you.
CoPilot compiled a list of five essential costs to consider, in addition to upfront costs, when thinking about leasing a car. These numbers help estimate the true cost of a lease, as well as any fees that may be accumulated during the leasing period.

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5 costs to consider before leasing a car
Minerva Studio // Shutterstock
Residual value is the estimated wholesale value of the vehicle when the lease comes to an end. It’s also sometimes called the lease-end purchase price or the lease-end value. Set by the company that finances the lease, residual value takes into account likely depreciation, typical demand for the make and model, and projected market conditions.
Residual value plays a role in determining the size of monthly payments—if a new car is valued at $35,000 and has a residual value of $20,000 after three years, the cost to lease is $15,000 plus fees, interest, and taxes over those three years. So, the higher the residual value, the lower the monthly costs.
Minerva Studio // Shutterstock
Residual value is the estimated wholesale value of the vehicle when the lease comes to an end. It’s also sometimes called the lease-end purchase price or the lease-end value. Set by the company that finances the lease, residual value takes into account likely depreciation, typical demand for the make and model, and projected market conditions.
Residual value plays a role in determining the size of monthly payments—if a new car is valued at $35,000 and has a residual value of $20,000 after three years, the cost to lease is $15,000 plus fees, interest, and taxes over those three years. So, the higher the residual value, the lower the monthly costs.
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5 costs to consider before leasing a car
Tero Vesalainen // Shutterstock
In a car lease, the money factor is the part of the monthly payment that goes to the financing cost. Comparable to interest costs in mortgage payments, it’s sometimes called a lease factor, lease fee, or factor. For those seeking to lease a car, a good credit rating will help lower the money factor. To understand the money factor in terms of an annual percentage rate, or APR, multiply it by 2,400. For example, a money factor of 0.0029 is the equivalent of a 7% APR.
Tero Vesalainen // Shutterstock
In a car lease, the money factor is the part of the monthly payment that goes to the financing cost. Comparable to interest costs in mortgage payments, it’s sometimes called a lease factor, lease fee, or factor. For those seeking to lease a car, a good credit rating will help lower the money factor. To understand the money factor in terms of an annual percentage rate, or APR, multiply it by 2,400. For example, a money factor of 0.0029 is the equivalent of a 7% APR.
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5 costs to consider before leasing a car
88studio // Shutterstock
One decision to make when leasing a car is selecting how many miles you expect to drive it. Three-year leases typically offer options of 10,000, 12,000, or 15,000 miles annually. Exceeding the number of miles selected will trigger mileage fees. The fees tend to range between 15 cents and 30 cents per mile. Experts say it generally makes more sense to choose a higher yearly mileage option than to pay the fees. Also, driving fewer miles than expected could mean the vehicle will have a higher trade-in or sale value.
88studio // Shutterstock
One decision to make when leasing a car is selecting how many miles you expect to drive it. Three-year leases typically offer options of 10,000, 12,000, or 15,000 miles annually. Exceeding the number of miles selected will trigger mileage fees. The fees tend to range between 15 cents and 30 cents per mile. Experts say it generally makes more sense to choose a higher yearly mileage option than to pay the fees. Also, driving fewer miles than expected could mean the vehicle will have a higher trade-in or sale value.
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5 costs to consider before leasing a car
worradirek // Shutterstock
For a car lease to take effect, the person leasing the car must pay drive-off fees upfront. These fees might include a security deposit and costs associated with the local department of motor vehicles. They might also include the first monthly payment, documentation costs, and sales tax. The drive-off fee also might include cash paid at the start, to lower monthly costs, that’s known as a cap reduction payment. Drive-off fees are sometimes referred to as the out-the-door cost or the total due at signing.
worradirek // Shutterstock
For a car lease to take effect, the person leasing the car must pay drive-off fees upfront. These fees might include a security deposit and costs associated with the local department of motor vehicles. They might also include the first monthly payment, documentation costs, and sales tax. The drive-off fee also might include cash paid at the start, to lower monthly costs, that’s known as a cap reduction payment. Drive-off fees are sometimes referred to as the out-the-door cost or the total due at signing.
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5 costs to consider before leasing a car
UfaBizPhoto // Shutterstock
Life-of-lease cost refers to any fees or balance remaining if the lease is terminated early. Costs may include an early termination fee based on how much has been paid vs. the car’s current value, transfer fees, vehicle disposal fees, and taxes, as well as any overdue payments and late fees.
The earlier a lease is ended, the costlier it will be. Less pricey options might be transferring the lease to someone else or buying out the lease in its entirety so you can buy the vehicle and then sell it. Under federal law, the specifics of ending a lease early must be disclosed when the lease period begins.
This story originally appeared on CoPilot and was produced and distributed in partnership with Stacker Studio.
UfaBizPhoto // Shutterstock
Life-of-lease cost refers to any fees or balance remaining if the lease is terminated early. Costs may include an early termination fee based on how much has been paid vs. the car’s current value, transfer fees, vehicle disposal fees, and taxes, as well as any overdue payments and late fees.
The earlier a lease is ended, the costlier it will be. Less pricey options might be transferring the lease to someone else or buying out the lease in its entirety so you can buy the vehicle and then sell it. Under federal law, the specifics of ending a lease early must be disclosed when the lease period begins.
This story originally appeared on CoPilot and was produced and distributed in partnership with Stacker Studio.