COLUMBIA, S.C. — Republican presidential hopeful Vivek Ramaswamy on Thursday voiced support for changing the overall U.S. voting age to 25, unless younger Americans fulfill at least six months of service in the military or as a first responder — or pass the same citizenship test administered to those seeking to become naturalized citizens.
Ramaswamy’s campaign announced the biotech entrepreneur and “anti-woke” activist’s push for a U.S. Constitutional amendment promoting “civic duty voting,” which he announced in a news release and detailed during a campaign event in Urbandale, Iowa.

Charlie Neibergall, Associated Press
Republican presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy speaks during the Iowa Faith and Freedom Coalition Spring Kick-Off, Saturday, April 22, 2023, in Clive, Iowa.
Revising the Constitution is no simple task, requiring overwhelming support in Congress and in state legislatures. Still, Ramaswamy said in his release that the “absence of national pride is a serious threat to the future of our country” and argued his proposal “can create a sense of shared purpose and responsibility amongst young Americans to become educated citizens.”
On Twitter during his Iowa event, Ramaswamy acknowledged, “I understand not everyone will like this proposal and that it will take persuasion to convince many of its merits, but I’m ready to take that on.”
At age 37, Ramaswamy is the youngest person competing for the 2024 GOP presidential nomination in a field that already includes several candidates in their 70s, including former President Donald Trump and former Arkansas Gov. Asa Hutchinson.
Another rival, former U.N. Ambassador and South Carolina Gov. Nikki Haley, 51, has made the call for a new generation of political leadership central to her campaign, even positing that cognitive testing should be required for older politicians.
Making changes to the U.S. Constitution requires approval by two-thirds of Congress, as well as three-fourths of state legislators.
The 26th Amendment, ratified in 1971, lowered the federal voting age from 21 to 18. The debate had begun decades earlier during World War II, when Congress lowered the minimum draft age to 18, prompting the slogan “old enough to fight, old enough to vote.”
States began to move toward lowering their voting ages, following a call by President Dwight Eisenhower made in 1954. More pushes for overall changes came during the Vietnam War, and, in 1970, Congress amended voting rights law, lowering the voting age in federal, state and local elections to 18.
A handful of states sued the federal government, arguing that Congress had no jurisdiction over state voting ages, with which the Supreme Court agreed. A Constitutional amendment, which superseded any state laws with thresholds higher than age 18, was swiftly passed by Congress and ratified by three-quarters of states.
As part of his proposal, Ramaswamy argued that his plan would require “no additional government bureaucracy” to administer, saying debate generated by his proposal “will itself catalyze a long overdue conversation in America about what it means to be a citizen and how to foster civic pride in the next generation.”
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Donald Trump: The former president officially launched his campaign in November, days after the midterm elections. And he never really stopped running after 2020, continuing to hold campaign-style rallies with supporters.
AP file
Donald Trump: The former president officially launched his campaign in November, days after the midterm elections. And he never really stopped running after 2020, continuing to hold campaign-style rallies with supporters.
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Nikki Haley: Haley launched her presidential campaign Feb. 14. It was a shift from her previous insistence she would not run against Trump. "It's time for a new generation of leadership to rediscover fiscal responsibility, secure our border and strengthen our country, our pride and our purpose," she said in a video announcing her bid.
AP file
Nikki Haley: Haley launched her presidential campaign Feb. 14. It was a shift from her previous insistence she would not run against Trump. "It's time for a new generation of leadership to rediscover fiscal responsibility, secure our border and strengthen our country, our pride and our purpose," she said in a video announcing her bid.
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Ron DeSantis: The Florida governor emerged as the top alternative to Trump in many conservatives' eyes after his dominant reelection victory. A DeSantis announcement is likely months away, with Florida currently in the middle of its legislative session. But his memoir, accompanied by a media blitz, will drop at the end of February, and top advisers are building a political infrastructure.
AP file
Ron DeSantis: The Florida governor emerged as the top alternative to Trump in many conservatives' eyes after his dominant reelection victory. A DeSantis announcement is likely months away, with Florida currently in the middle of its legislative session. But his memoir, accompanied by a media blitz, will drop at the end of February, and top advisers are building a political infrastructure.
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Mike Pence: The former vice president's split with Trump over the events of Jan. 6, 2021, kicked off a consistent return to political travel. He has made clear that he believes the GOP will move on from Trump. "I think we're going to have new leadership in this party and in this country," Pence told CBS in January.
AP file
Mike Pence: The former vice president's split with Trump over the events of Jan. 6, 2021, kicked off a consistent return to political travel. He has made clear that he believes the GOP will move on from Trump. "I think we're going to have new leadership in this party and in this country," Pence told CBS in January.
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Tim Scott: The South Carolina senator would make a second Palmetto State Republican in the 2024 field if, as expected, he enters the race in the near future. Scott is building a political infrastructure, including hiring for a super PAC, and is set to visit Iowa for an event his team billed as focused on "faith in America."
AP file
Tim Scott: The South Carolina senator would make a second Palmetto State Republican in the 2024 field if, as expected, he enters the race in the near future. Scott is building a political infrastructure, including hiring for a super PAC, and is set to visit Iowa for an event his team billed as focused on "faith in America."
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Ted Cruz: The Texas senator and 2016 GOP contender has not ruled out another presidential bid. But he is also seeking reelection in 2024. "I think there will be plenty of time to discuss the 2024 presidential race. I'm running for reelection to the Senate," he told the CBS affiliate in Dallas in February.
AP file
Ted Cruz: The Texas senator and 2016 GOP contender has not ruled out another presidential bid. But he is also seeking reelection in 2024. "I think there will be plenty of time to discuss the 2024 presidential race. I'm running for reelection to the Senate," he told the CBS affiliate in Dallas in February.
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Glenn Youngkin: The Virginia governor's 2021 victory offered Republicans a new playbook focused on parental power in education. His political travel, including stops for a series of Republican gubernatorial candidates last year, makes clear Youngkin has ambitions beyond Virginia. He faced a setback to his push for a 15-week abortion ban when Democrats won a state senate special election earlier this year, expanding their narrow majority.
AP file
Glenn Youngkin: The Virginia governor's 2021 victory offered Republicans a new playbook focused on parental power in education. His political travel, including stops for a series of Republican gubernatorial candidates last year, makes clear Youngkin has ambitions beyond Virginia. He faced a setback to his push for a 15-week abortion ban when Democrats won a state senate special election earlier this year, expanding their narrow majority.
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Chris Sununu: The New Hampshire governor's timeline isn't clear, but he recently established a political action committee that borrowed his state's motto: "Live Free or Die." He has positioned himself as a strong Trump opponent and alternative within the GOP. He would also start with the advantage of being universally known in an early-voting state. "I think America as a whole is looking for results-driven leadership that calls the balls and strikes like they see them and is super transparent," Sununu told Axios this week.
AP file
Chris Sununu: The New Hampshire governor's timeline isn't clear, but he recently established a political action committee that borrowed his state's motto: "Live Free or Die." He has positioned himself as a strong Trump opponent and alternative within the GOP. He would also start with the advantage of being universally known in an early-voting state. "I think America as a whole is looking for results-driven leadership that calls the balls and strikes like they see them and is super transparent," Sununu told Axios this week.
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Kristi Noem: The South Dakota governor who won reelection in November has certainly cultivated a national profile, becoming a regular at conservative gatherings and donor confabs. But she hasn't committed to a presidential run. "I'm not convinced that I need to run for president," she told CBS in January.
AP file
Kristi Noem: The South Dakota governor who won reelection in November has certainly cultivated a national profile, becoming a regular at conservative gatherings and donor confabs. But she hasn't committed to a presidential run. "I'm not convinced that I need to run for president," she told CBS in January.
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Greg Abbott: The Texas governor who cruised past a 2020 presidential contender, former Rep. Beto O'Rourke, to win his third term in November is unlikely to make any official 2024 moves until his state's legislative session wraps up at the end of May. He told Fox News in January that a 2024 run "is it's not something I'm ruling in right now. I'm focused on Texas, period."
AP file
Greg Abbott: The Texas governor who cruised past a 2020 presidential contender, former Rep. Beto O'Rourke, to win his third term in November is unlikely to make any official 2024 moves until his state's legislative session wraps up at the end of May. He told Fox News in January that a 2024 run "is it's not something I'm ruling in right now. I'm focused on Texas, period."
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Larry Hogan: The former Maryland governor is another Trump opponent. He told Fox News he is giving a 2024 run "very serious consideration."
AP file
Larry Hogan: The former Maryland governor is another Trump opponent. He told Fox News he is giving a 2024 run "very serious consideration."
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Asa Hutchinson: The former Arkansas governor is a rare Republican from a deep-red state who has been willing to criticize Trump. Now weeks removed from office, he also doesn't have the at-home responsibilities facing other governors. He told CBS that he'll decide on a 2024 by "probably April." He said he believes voters are "looking for someone that is not going to be creating chaos, but also has got the record of being a governor, of lowering taxes."
AP file
Asa Hutchinson: The former Arkansas governor is a rare Republican from a deep-red state who has been willing to criticize Trump. Now weeks removed from office, he also doesn't have the at-home responsibilities facing other governors. He told CBS that he'll decide on a 2024 by "probably April." He said he believes voters are "looking for someone that is not going to be creating chaos, but also has got the record of being a governor, of lowering taxes."
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Chris Christie: The former New Jersey governor is one of several 2024 GOP prospects headed to Texas for a private donor gathering in late February, along with Pence, Haley, Scott, Sununu and Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp. Christie said on ABC earlier this year he doesn't believe Trump could beat President Joe Biden in 2024.
AP file
Chris Christie: The former New Jersey governor is one of several 2024 GOP prospects headed to Texas for a private donor gathering in late February, along with Pence, Haley, Scott, Sununu and Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp. Christie said on ABC earlier this year he doesn't believe Trump could beat President Joe Biden in 2024.
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Mike Pompeo: Trump's secretary of state and the former Kansas congressman said during a tour for his new book, "Never Give an Inch: Fighting for the America I Love," that he would decide on a presidential run in the coming months. He's been among the Republicans most openly considering a run, traveling to early-voting states for more than a year.
AP file
Mike Pompeo: Trump's secretary of state and the former Kansas congressman said during a tour for his new book, "Never Give an Inch: Fighting for the America I Love," that he would decide on a presidential run in the coming months. He's been among the Republicans most openly considering a run, traveling to early-voting states for more than a year.
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Liz Cheney: The former Wyoming congresswoman who emerged as the foremost GOP critic of Trump's lies about widespread election fraud lost her House seat to a Trump-backed primary challenger. She launched a political action committee last year and made clear she intends to try to purge the GOP of Trump's influence. But what that means in the context of a potential 2024 bid is not yet clear.
AP file
Liz Cheney: The former Wyoming congresswoman who emerged as the foremost GOP critic of Trump's lies about widespread election fraud lost her House seat to a Trump-backed primary challenger. She launched a political action committee last year and made clear she intends to try to purge the GOP of Trump's influence. But what that means in the context of a potential 2024 bid is not yet clear.
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Will Hurd: The former Texas congressman who represented a border district recently traveled to New Hampshire, an early-voting state, though it's not clear whether or when he would enter the race. "I always have an open mind about how to serve my country," he told Fox News.
AP file
Will Hurd: The former Texas congressman who represented a border district recently traveled to New Hampshire, an early-voting state, though it's not clear whether or when he would enter the race. "I always have an open mind about how to serve my country," he told Fox News.
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Brian Kemp: The Georgia governor, who fended off a Trump-backed primary challenge on the way to reelection last year, has added political staffers and is sometimes mentioned as a vice presidential prospect.
AP file
Brian Kemp: The Georgia governor, who fended off a Trump-backed primary challenge on the way to reelection last year, has added political staffers and is sometimes mentioned as a vice presidential prospect.
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Rick Scott: The Florida senator has said he won't run for president, but things can change. He has taken steps to build his national profile.
AP file
Rick Scott: The Florida senator has said he won't run for president, but things can change. He has taken steps to build his national profile.
-
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
Josh Hawley: The Missouri senator has also said he won't run but, like Scott, has taken steps to build his national profile.
AP file
Josh Hawley: The Missouri senator has also said he won't run but, like Scott, has taken steps to build his national profile.
-
Things to know about Nikki Haley, GOP presidential hopeful
AP file
John Bolton: Trump's former national security adviser has teased a run as a Trump foil.